1. They’re born to herd.
German Shepherds, as their name suggests, were originally bred for herding and guarding sheep. Their role demanded quick reflexes, endurance, and the ability to sprint at impressive speedsâreaching up to 30-32 mph, outpacing even the fastest human sprinters like Usain Bolt. While herding, they typically prefer trotting to running, conserving energy while staying agile. Beyond herding, their natural bravery and protective instincts make them exceptional working dogs, excelling in roles ranging from guard duty to search and rescue, showcasing their versatility and loyalty.
2. Max von Stephanitz is the father of the breed
The origins of the German Shepherd breed trace back to 1895 when Max von Stephanitz purchased a remarkable shepherd dog at a dog show, naming him Horand von Grafrath. Recognizing Horand’s exceptional qualities, Max envisioned a distinct working dog breed and set out to make it a reality.
In pursuit of this goal, Max founded the Verein fĂŒr Deutsche SchĂ€ferhunde (Society for the German Shepherd Dog) just months later, establishing the breed’s first official club. Horand was the first dog to be registered with the club, earning the registration number SZ1 and becoming the genetic cornerstone of the German Shepherd breed.
From this foundation, German Shepherds grew into the versatile, intelligent, and loyal dogs we know today, admired and celebrated worldwide.
3. They’re the 4th most popular dog breed.
German Shepherds may be renowned for their noble work, but their greatest role might just be as cherished family members. Known for their loyalty, intelligence, protectiveness, and playful nature, itâs no surprise theyâre ranked the 4th most popular breed out of 193 by the American Kennel Club.
These dogs give their all to their families, whether theyâre guarding the home, sharing snuggles on the couch, or playing in the backyard. Their devotion is nothing short of heartwarming, making them the perfect companions for those who can meet their needs.
However, German Shepherds arenât for everyone. Their size, protective instincts, and high energy mean they require an owner who can provide daily exercise, structure, consistent training, and early socialization. For experienced dog owners who can keep up, these incredible dogs are an unparalleled addition to the family.
4. European and American Breeders have different approaches.
The German Shepherd made its official debut in America in 1908, when the breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC). Just a few years later, in 1913, German Shepherd enthusiasts had already established their own German Shepherd Dog Club and were celebrating champion dogs.
In the U.S., American breeders adhered to AKC breed standards, emphasizing body shape and elegant movement, traits that make German Shepherds prized as performance and show dogs. Meanwhile, European breeders stayed true to Max von Stephanitzâs original vision, focusing on health, temperament, and agility. The German Shepherd Club of Germany continues to oversee these standards, requiring dogs to pass rigorous tests to ensure quality.
This difference in breeding priorities has created two distinct lines of German Shepherds, with American lines excelling in the show ring and European lines thriving in working roles.
5. They’re prone to some inherited and genetic diseases.
Like many purebred dogs, German Shepherds are prone to certain inherited and genetic conditions. Here are some common health issues to be aware of:
- Degenerative Myelopathy: A progressive disease causing weakness in the hind legs. Fortunately, DNA tests can help breeders screen for this condition.
- Von Willebrand Disease: An inherited bleeding disorder caused by the absence of the Von Willebrand Protein Factor, affecting blood clotting.
- Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency: A condition where the pancreas degenerates, leading to poor digestion and nutrient absorption.
- Hip and Elbow Dysplasia: Genetic joint disorders that can cause pain and mobility issues.
- Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus): A potentially fatal condition where the stomach fills with gas and fluid, often requiring emergency intervention. German Shepherds are at a higher risk for this condition.
When considering bringing a German Shepherd into your home, itâs crucial to work with a responsible breeder who conducts health testing and provides certifications for these potential issues. Early awareness and proactive care can help ensure a long and healthy life for your new furry friend.
6. They can live up to 14 years.
German Shepherds typically have a lifespan of 12-14 years, provided they receive regular exercise, routine veterinary care, and a well-balanced diet. This places them in the mid-range for life expectancy among large dog breeds.
To help your German Shepherd live their longest and healthiest life:
- Nutrition: Feed them a high-quality, balanced diet tailored to their age, size, and activity level.
- Exercise: Keep them active with daily physical activities to maintain a healthy weight, build strong muscles, and prevent boredom.
- Preventative Care: Ensure routine veterinary check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive measures for common health issues.
- Pet Insurance: Consider investing in pet insurance to manage unexpected medical expenses and ensure access to the best care.
By prioritizing these aspects, you can give your German Shepherd a happy and fulfilling life filled with love and vitality.
7. They served bravely in both World Wars.
German Shepherds have a long history of heroism on the battlefield, starting with World War I, where they served as Red Cross dogs, rescuers, guard dogs, messengers, sentries, and even ammunition carriers. They also demonstrated incredible loyalty and intelligence by leading wounded and blind soldiers to safety for medical treatment. One such hero, Filax of Lewanno, saved 54 soldiers and was honored at Westminster in 1917 as a war hero.
Their bravery left a lasting impression on soldiers from both sides, leading to their continued use in World War II. The U.S. military established training centers for German Shepherds, deploying them in War Dog Platoons. A total of 15 platoons operated during the war, with seven in Europe and eight in the Pacific.
German Shepherds didnât stop thereâthey also served in the Korean War and Vietnam War, cementing their legacy as courageous, intelligent, and invaluable partners to soldiers. Today, they remain celebrated for their service and unwavering dedication in both military and civilian roles.
8. They were the original guide dogs.
In 1928, a pivotal moment in the history of service dogs occurred when Morris Frank and his German Shepherd, Buddy (originally named Kiss), crossed a busy street in New York City. Buddy had been trained in Switzerland to assist blinded World War I veterans, and he guided Frankâwho had lost his sightâthrough the crowded street with remarkable skill. This demonstration of Buddy’s abilities sparked widespread interest in using German Shepherds as guide dogs for the visually impaired.
While Labradors and Retrievers are now the most common guide dogs due to their gentle, eager-to-please nature and ability to adapt easily to various environments, German Shepherds remain excellent guide dogs. However, their protective instincts, agility, and exceptional trainability have made them particularly well-suited for roles in law enforcement and the military, where they continue to serve with distinction.
9. They h ave an official sport called Shutzhund
If you want to witness a German Shepherd at their absolute best, Schutzhund is the sport to watch. This competitive event is specifically designed to showcase the breedâs natural abilities and put them and their handlers through a series of demanding tests. Schutzhund evaluates German Shepherds in several key areas:
- Intelligence
- Desire to work
- Bond with their handler
- Courage
- Protective instincts
- Trainability
- Sense of smell
- Perseverance
Often likened to the Olympics for dogs, Schutzhund allows German Shepherds to display their incredible athleticism, intelligence, and versatility while competing against top dogs from around the world. Itâs the perfect stage for these dogs to prove just how well-suited they are for both work and play.
10. They have had many different names through the years.
Though we know them as German Shepherds today, that wasnât always the case. After World War I, due to political tensions and anti-German sentiment, the American Kennel Club (AKC) began referring to them as “Shepherd Dogs” in 1917. Meanwhile, in Europe, the breed was rebranded as Alsatian Wolf Dogs to distance them from their German origins.
Over time, as tensions eased and attitudes shifted, both Americans and Europeans returned to the breedâs original name, German Shepherd, restoring the proud legacy of these loyal and intelligent dogs. Today, the breed stands proudly as the German Shepherd once again, celebrated for its versatility, loyalty, and exceptional working abilities.
11. They are 11 different colors of German Shepherds
While the classic black and tan German Shepherd is the most iconic image of the breed, the American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognizes 11 colors as part of the breed standard. These colors include:
- Black and Tan
- Sable
- Bi-Colored
- Black
- Black and Red
- Black and Cream
- Steel Blue
- Gray
- Panda
- White
- Liver
However, itâs interesting to note that German Shepherds with certain colors, such as white, blue, and liver, are not eligible to compete in certain classes at dog shows. Despite this, these variations are still part of the breedâs diverse and beautiful palette.
12. They shed a lot because they are double coated
When bringing a German Shepherd into your home, be prepared for the reality of their sheddingâaffectionately known as the “German Shedder.” These dogs have double coats, with an overcoat made of longer guard hairs and a softer, denser undercoat that helps protect them from both extreme heat and cold weather.
While they shed throughout the year, the shedding becomes more intense during seasonal changes, especially during spring and fall. To keep your home (relatively) fur-free, regular brushing is key. Brushing your German Shepherd several times a week will help manage the shedding and keep their coat healthy. Investing in a high-quality vacuum is also a smart move for dealing with the inevitable fur around the house.
13. They are the 3rd smartest dog
Did you know that German Shepherds are the third-smartest dog breed? While Poodles and Border Collies take the top spots, German Shepherds arenât far behind when it comes to intelligence. According to Stanley Coren, author of The Intelligence of Dogs, German Shepherds are incredibly quick learners. They can learn a new task after just five repetitions and respond to commands correctly 95% of the time.
Their sharp minds, combined with their loyalty and trainability, make them exceptional working dogs, excelling in everything from search and rescue to obedience and police work. Their ability to learn quickly and efficiently is one of the many reasons theyâre so highly regarded in various professional roles.
14. King Shepherd is the largest of the breed
The German Shepherd is a large breed, with males typically standing 24-26 inches tall and weighing 65-90 lbs, while females are slightly smaller, measuring 22-24 inches tall and weighing 50-70 lbs. While not exactly a lap dog, they might still try to cuddle up on your lap if given the chance!
If you’re looking for an even larger cuddle buddy, consider the King Shepherd. Bred for greater size, King Shepherd males can reach 100-150 pounds and stand anywhere from 25-31 inches tall. These dogs are not officially recognized by the AKC, as they are a hybrid breed, a cross between German Shepherds and Shiloh Shepherds. Despite not having official recognition, King Shepherds are admired for their impressive size and gentle nature.
15. A German Shepherd is not lazy
Donât expect your German Shepherd to curl up on the couch for a nap unless youâve given them plenty of daily exercise and mental stimulation. These dogs are highly intelligent and active, so if theyâre left bored or alone for long periods, they may become anxious and destructive. This can result in chewed-up cushions or destroyed shoes.
To keep your German Shepherd happy and healthy, they need a large yard where they can roam and play. They also thrive with trick training and obedience training, especially when using positive reinforcement methods to keep them engaged.
Socialization is another key factor. German Shepherds are naturally protective and can be wary of strangers or other animals. Starting socialization earlyâwhen theyâre puppiesâhelps them grow into well-adjusted adults who are comfortable in different environments and situations. With proper care, training, and socialization, your German Shepherd will be a loyal, happy, and well-behaved companion.
16. There have been quite a few German Shepherds through in history
German Shepherds have not only made their mark in history through their bravery and intelligence, but they’ve also shone on the big screen as iconic characters.
One of their most heroic moments came on 9/11, when Apollo, a German Shepherd, was the first search-and-rescue dog on the scene at Ground Zero. Just 15 minutes after the attack, Apollo, along with other German Shepherds, worked through the dangerous conditions of heat, smoke, and debris. Despite the peril, including fire and falling debris, Apollo survived and was awarded the Dickin Medal for gallantry and devotion to duty. Another German Shepherd, Trakr, found the last survivor trapped for 27 hours under the rubble.
Beyond real-life heroics, German Shepherds have also starred in Hollywood. Strongheart, a German Shepherd with the real name Etzel Von Oeringern, was the first of his breed to appear in films. He made his film debut in 1921 in The Silent Call and went on to star in several others. Then thereâs the legendary Rin Tin Tinâa WWI rescue dog turned Hollywood superstar. Rescued by an American soldier in France, Rin Tin Tin went on to star in 27 films between 1922 and 1931 and became the first non-human recipient of a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Finally, who could forget Sam, the loyal German Shepherd in I Am Legend, played by two talented pups, Abbey and Kona? Anyone who watched Samâs heart-wrenching sacrifice in the film knows itâs a moment that will make even the toughest cry.
German Shepherds truly stand out, not only for their heroic work but also for their enduring legacy in film and popular culture.
17. German Shepherd’s are the police’s K9
Police dogs are highly trained officers that work alongside their human handlers to help fight crime, and German Shepherds are among the most trusted and effective breeds for this important work. Thanks to their agility, strength, intelligence, and exceptional sense of smell, theyâve become invaluable assets to police forces worldwide.
German Shepherds are trained in a variety of specialized skills, including:
- Cadaver searching â helping to locate deceased individuals.
- Tracking criminals â following scents to track down suspects.
- Search and rescue missions â locating missing persons or those in danger.
- Drug and explosive detection â sniffing out illegal substances and explosives.
Their incredible abilities make them an essential part of law enforcement teams, assisting in critical operations that keep communities safe.
18. That oh-so-cute head tilt actually means something.
That adorable head tilt you love in German Shepherds isnât just for showâit serves a purpose! According to the AKC, German Shepherds tilt their heads to see and hear better. This quirky behavior helps them pinpoint the exact location of sounds, whether itâs a squeaky toy, a suspicious noise from the bushes, or even your voice calling them.
The tilt also improves their line of sight, especially when trying to get a better view of something thatâs partially obstructed. And yes, sometimes they might just tilt their head to stare at you more intently, as if theyâre waiting for you to do something interesting or give them a treat!
19. They have a very keen sense of smell.
Just when you think the German Shepherd has already mastered every job imaginable, they rise to the occasion once again. In September 2020, a pioneering program launched in Finland trained these remarkable dogs to detect coronavirus in people.
True to their exceptional abilities, German Shepherds proved their value in this new role with an impressive 80%-90% accuracy rate. They were even able to detect subtle odor changes in asymptomatic individuals, showcasing their incredible sense of smell. Once again, these superhero dogs showed just how versatile and indispensable they are, helping in the fight against the pandemic in ways no one expected.
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